{"id":1459,"date":"2024-04-26T13:26:52","date_gmt":"2024-04-26T13:26:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/TechTransfer\/?page_id=1459"},"modified":"2026-01-09T13:40:51","modified_gmt":"2026-01-09T12:40:51","slug":"beni-culturali","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/TechTransfer\/beni-culturali\/","title":{"rendered":"Beni culturali"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Beni culturali<\/h1>\n

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La storia – dall’antichit\u00e0 al passato recente – ci trasmette un insieme creazioni artistiche, architettoniche, oggetti e documenti, ma anche sistemi di valori e credenze, in cui la societ\u00e0 riconosce un significato culturale. E’ il patrimonio culturale, la cui tutela e conservazione \u00e8 oggi riconosciuta anche nelle politiche europee come elemento chiave nel creare il capitale sociale e per la crescita di industrie culturali e creative. La conservazione, l’interpretazione e la gestione del patrimonio culturale vengono affrontati grazie alla Heritage Science. \u00c8 un dominio di ricerca cross-disciplinare che connette ricercatori delle discipline umanistiche e delle scienze naturali. In questo ambito sono numerose le applicazioni derivanti da tecnologie sviluppate dall’Istituto,che proprio per questo si \u00e8 dotato di INFN-CHNet (Cultural Heritage Network)<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, rete di ricerca ed infrastruttura distribuita di servizio per il trasferimento di conoscenza e tecnologia a soggetti pubblici e privati del settore.<\/p>\n

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Una delle esigenze per le opere o i siti archeologici a cui la rete risponde \u00e8 la datazione<\/strong>: quella al radiocarbonio viene eseguita utilizzando gli acceleratori, con tecniche Ion Beam Analisys<\/em> (ad es. PIXE e PIGE); per i manufatti ceramici si applicano Termoluninescenza (TL) e luminescenza otticamente stimolata (OSL). Altrettanto rilevante \u00e8 caratterizzare i materiali (spesso policristallini) o la distribuzione spaziale degli elementi che compongono i manufatti: si possono cos\u00ec conoscere i materiali, le tecniche di realizzazione o i luoghi di provenienza dei materiali grezzi, o ancora autenticare un’opera d’arte. Alcune tecniche sviluppate a questi fini sono la tomografia digitale e radiografia basate sull’utilizzo di raggi X (Digital radiography scanner, XRF) e tecniche di analisi di superficie (ToF-SIMS, High resolution 3D profilometry<\/em>). Per le opere che non possono essere rimosse dalle proprie sedi, INFN-CHNet ha a disposizione strumentazione per analisi in situ per tecniche Ion Beam Analysis (PIXE-alpha portatile) o per analisi con l\u2019utilizzo di raggi X (tomografia digitale e radiografia, XRF, Micro\/Macro XRF imaging, Confocal 3D XRF<\/em>). Ma come i dati sperimentali possono essere utili? La rete integra in una piattaforma digitale (DIGILAB) i propri dati riguardo un’opera con le osservazioni di storici dell’arte e restauratori, per rendere complete le informazioni a disposizione di utenti esperti. Centro di riferimento per la rete INFN-CHNet \u00e8 il Laboratorio di tecniche nucleari per l’Ambiente e i BEni Culturali (LABEC)<\/a> di Firenze.<\/p>\n

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