{"id":1266,"date":"2025-02-06T14:00:21","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T13:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/?page_id=1266"},"modified":"2025-03-07T17:20:33","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T16:20:33","slug":"dom-integration","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/dom-integration\/","title":{"rendered":"DOM Integration"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-58f1e44a wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center has-border-color has-secondary-border-color is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-65cc32f57137ed5437fcde57f04f6110 wp-block-paragraph\">Working Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-right:2rem;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-left:2rem;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Immacolata Carmen Rea (ISR)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alessandro De Giosa (LQS)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Umberto Di Cerbo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Domenico Rubini<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" src=\"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_job-edited-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1269\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_job-edited-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_job-edited-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_job-edited-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_job-edited-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_job-edited-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_job-edited-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_job-edited-1360x765.jpg 1360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The KM3NeT Collaboration has developed a multi-PMT optical solution for the construction of the two deep-sea telescopes, ARCA and ORCA. This approach offers several advantages over the traditionally used single-PMT optical modules in neutrino telescopes, including a larger photocathode area, equivalent to three 10-inch photomultipliers. Additionally, the multi-PMT design enables high resolution, precise positioning, and accurate timing calibration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-58f1e44a wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:60%\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The digital optical module (DOM) of KM3NeT features an innovative design: it consists of a 17-inch diameter high-pressure-resistant glass sphere that houses 31 PMTs, calibration devices for positioning and timing, and electronics for power distribution, readout, data acquisition, and transmission. The segmented photocathode, covering approximately 1200 cm\u00b2, enhances sensitivity to the incoming direction of detected photons, providing broad angular coverage and excellent photon-counting performance. Moreover, in the event of a PMT failure, the module remains functional, minimizing the impact on the overall telescope performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">In its final configuration, KM3NeT will consist of more than 6000 DOMs. To achieve this large-scale production within a reasonable timeframe, the assembly is carried out simultaneously at eight different integration sites within the collaboration\u2019s laboratories, including the DOM integration site of CAPACITY. This parallel workflow ensures a high production rate, exceeding 100 well-qualified modules per month.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"811\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Copy-of-DOM_overview-811x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1274\" style=\"width:348px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Copy-of-DOM_overview-811x1024.jpg 811w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Copy-of-DOM_overview-238x300.jpg 238w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Copy-of-DOM_overview-768x969.jpg 768w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Copy-of-DOM_overview-1217x1536.jpg 1217w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Copy-of-DOM_overview-1622x2048.jpg 1622w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Copy-of-DOM_overview-606x765.jpg 606w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Copy-of-DOM_overview-scaled.jpg 2028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 811px) 100vw, 811px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The integration of the optical modules follows a strict protocol and a standardized procedure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-58f1e44a wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The assembly process involves filling the two glass hemispheres from the bottom up in seven sequential steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Gluing a cooling mechanical structure inside the top hemisphere and attaching an acoustic piezo sensor in the bottom hemisphere.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Installing the electronics and a penetrator, which connects the DOM to the backbone cable of the detection unit, followed by a helium leak test and optical fiber splicing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Mounting the PMTs and light collection rings into their support structures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Performing a functional test.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Pouring a transparent two-component silicone gel to ensure optical coupling between the PMTs and the glass.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Closing the DOM.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Conducting the final acceptance test.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_lab_capacity_2-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1278\" style=\"width:283px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_lab_capacity_2-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_lab_capacity_2-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_lab_capacity_2-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_lab_capacity_2-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_lab_capacity_2-574x765.jpg 574w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_lab_capacity_2-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">All components are registered in a central database using a Unique Product Identifier (UPI). A dedicated software, the &#8220;KM3DIA&#8221; (KM3 Detector Integration Assistant), guides the integration process by ensuring the correct sequence of operations, logging all relevant data, and recording the details of each DOM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_napoli_1-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1283\" style=\"width:479px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_napoli_1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_napoli_1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_napoli_1-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_napoli_1-574x765.jpg 574w, https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DOM_napoli_1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-4e63e4bb wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0px;padding-top:4vw;padding-right:4vw;padding-bottom:4vw;padding-left:4vw\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-x-large-font-size\">DOMs integrated at the CAPACITY LAB: 238<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">06\/05\/2025<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Working Group The KM3NeT Collaboration has developed a multi-PMT optical solution for the construction of the two deep-sea telescopes, ARCA and ORCA. This approach offers several advantages over the traditionally used single-PMT optical modules in neutrino telescopes, including a larger photocathode area, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-fullwidth","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1266","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1266","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1266"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1266\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1404,"href":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1266\/revisions\/1404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.infn.it\/km3net-napoli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1266"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}